Liberty vs Security Essay

When the founding fathers created the government of the United States, they wanted the government not to be so constricting with its rule. In other words, freedom, but freedom in its purest can be dangerous so they had to put some security to their newly made country. They did this by giving the executive branch the power to enforce laws and keep the peace. In the beginning, it was all good but things have changed throughout the years where security had to be increased. Now-a-days, some people think security has been increase to such a point that there isn’t fair anymore but that just isn’t the case. There is now terrorism in the world people live in and the Executive branch is taking the necessary precautions to stay safe. With the Obama Administration’s war on terror, the executive branch is taking the necessary precautions to keep the nation safe with drone attacks, warrantless wiretapping, and advanced interrogation techniques. [Drone essay Ms. Devine has don e] Wireless wiretapping also keeps the peace of the United States. As Steven G. Bradbury states in the pro CQR Essay about wiretapping, â€Å"taking precautions, such as wiretapping, helps keep America from suffering another 9/11† (Clemmitt). He also brings up another point about the enemies being more sophisticated now because of the â€Å"advancements in communication causing and allowing the enemies operate in obscurity† (Clemmitt). This is dangerous for the American public so this wiretapping is necessary but that is not the point the con CQR essay brings up. Koh, the author of the con essay, mentions that â€Å"FASA was made to stop spying on the American public and permit a warrant if surveillance on an American citizen is to be done, it should not be done warrantless† (Clemmitt). Koh doesn’t take into account that the enemy could be an American citizen which would be dangerous to leave unchecked. Koh’s point has been the source of many lawsuits in America but has not gone through thanks to some judges. An issue in San Francisco federal court happened where â€Å"a group of AT&T costumers filed a lawsuit against the N.S.A. but the U.S. government stopped them† (Levine). This is necessary so America can keep their security intact. After 9/11 happened, America was scarred for life. It had cause America do begin a war on terror which were the like no one has seen. â€Å"One of the things the military did was hold detainees at Guantanamo Bay to interrogate them. The detainees would be brought to interrogation rooms in shackles and would get extensively questioned† (Kirk). In the pro essay about the CIA amounting to torture Kaye states that â€Å"these enhanced interrogation techniques are inhumane and wrong† (Jost). As bad as they may seem, according to CIA veteran John Brennan, during a 2007 CBS television interview, â€Å"the enhanced interrogation techniques were able to produce useful information, worked against real hardcore terrorists, and saved lives† (Zakaria and Hosenball). If these techniques got that type of information, then it is keeping the nation safe. And thusly, America has been kept a safer place. There are still some problems but terrorism has been controlled to not happen often. With the executive branch’s moves to use drones, wiretap, and enhanced interrogation techniques, America is in a necessary state of security. Even though some freedoms don’t seem to be, it is only to keep the peace in the United States and to have a safer nation.

Cement Sector in Pakistan

1. INTRODUCTION 2. 1 Objective and Scope The report will present a holistic overview of the industry; current situation, industry structure, critical revenue and cost drivers, exposure of BOP in the sector and its future outlook. 2. 2 Cement Sector of Pakistan The Cement sector of Pakistan has 23 players, operating 29 units, with a total production capacity of 44. 8 million tons, divided into North and South, as follows: North Zone| South Zone| * Punjab and Khyber Pakhtoon Khwa| * Sindh and Baluchistan| * 19 manufacturing units| * 10 manufacturing units| * 80% of rated capacity, i. . 35. 9 million tons| * 20% of total rated capacity, i. e. 8. 9 million tons| The overall capacity utilization of the sector, as per FY-10 dispatches is at 76%. The basic raw materials for cement include limestone (upto 80%), clay (upto 15%) and gypsum (5%), all of which are abundant in Pakistan making basic raw material very cheaply available to cement manufacturers. None of the cement producers in Pakist an enjoys any material product differentiation because of the highly standardized nature of product therefore consumers usually regard ‘price’ as a key determinant. Major constituents of the cost are energy & power – over 60% of cost of production of cement – and transportation costs. In addition to these elements efficiency of production process is critical in keeping the overall cost structure competitive. In this regard, size of the plant, its age, and origin – European or Chinese – are of importance. Until recent years, almost all the plants operating in the country were based on furnace oil, but the increasing furnace oil prices forced the cement industry to switch over to Coal-powered/dual-fuel plants. However, the price of coal has shown significant volatility over the recent periods therefore, some producers, having dual-fuel plants, use a mixture of coal and gas, alternating between the two as per changes in prices and availability. 2. 3 Cement Sales during FY-10 Compared To FY-09 Source: All Pakistan Cement Manufacturers’ Association As per All Pakistan Cement Manufacturer’s Association (APCMA), the cement sales in FY-10 totaled 34. 20 million tons, registering a decent Year-on-Year (YoY) growth of 9. 30% compared to 31. 29 million tons in FY-09. The local dispatches remained at 23. 54 million tons, up YoY 14. 63% compared to 20. 53 million tons in FY-09 whereas export sales in FY-10 remained almost flat with a minor decline at 10. 66 million tons, down YoY 0. 89% compared to 10. 75 million tons in the previous year. As shown in the table, the local sales were the primary driver behind the growth. It is pertinent to note that the growth on the local front was mainly private-sector driven rather than Government’s infrastructure spending, showing signs of recovery in the construction sector. 2. INDUSTRY STRUCTURE 3. 4 Industry Characteristics Cement industry is highly cyclical in nature and its performance depends largely upon the economic growth of the country. There is a high degree of correlation between the GDP growth and the growth in local cement consumption. Source: State Bank of Pakistan & All Pakistan Cement Manufacturers’ Association Cement exports depend largely upon the demand/supply situation, price levels and economic situation in the export regions. Cement, being a voluminous product, is a regional commodity. 3. 5 Critical Factors The cyclical nature of the sector along with excess supply situation, whenever it persists, makes cement price a very critical factor. Some level of industry ‘co-opetition’, i. e. cooperative competition, is evident in cement industries globally such as consensual pricing. In the absence of such an arrangement, along with a supply glut, cement industries have witnessed intense price wars. * Power & Energy costs c onstitute over 60% – 65% of the total cost of cement production. Therefore, smart inventory management of coal, along with hedging techniques etc. lead to significant savings in energy costs. * Plants closer to the port have cheaper access to exports and can maintain higher profit margins. Therefore, distance to port is an important consideration. * Leverage, both financial and operating, is a major concern owing to the price-sensitivity of the sector. Pakistan’s cement sector is highly leveraged. Cautious capital structure management and utilization of relaxations / incentives provided by the government, whenever possible, such as Export Refinance facility offered by the State Bank of Pakistan, create a significant difference. . 6 Industry Concentration Concentration refers to the number of major competitors in a given industry. This has important implications for the inherent profitability of a sector. We have applied the Eight-Firm concentration ratio to determine c oncentration in the cement sector. Concentration ratios can generally be categorized into low, medium, and high concentration being 0% – 50%, 50% – 80% and 80% and above, respectively. An eight-firm concentration ratio over 90% is a good indication of oligopoly, i. e. an industry dominated by a small number of sellers. Based on FY10 market shares, the Eight-Firm concentration ratio in cement sector is 80% which show clear signs of high industry concentration. Therefore, cement sector has an oligopolistic structure. However, given the excess capacity situation cement industry has been behaving like a ‘low concentration industry’ from time to time such as the intense price war in the recent past, spanning nearly a year, with participants vying for higher volumes. 3. 7 Market Share The following pie-charts show the local, export and total market shares of top 8 players in the sector for FY-10. The charts show that D. G. Khan Cement is the leading player in the local market (17% market share) closely followed by Bestway (16. 7%) and Lucky Cement (13. 3%). In the export market, Lucky cement leads with its roaring 32. 8% share, followed by D. G. Khan and Bestway cement’s 9. 3% share each. Overall, Lucky Cement appears to hold the highest market share (19. 4%), followed by D. G. Khan (14. 6%) and Bestway (14. 4%). Maple Leaf Cement ranks fourth in all three categories with 9%, 11. 1% and 9. 7% market share in the local, export and overall market. Source: Fortune Securities . SECTOR OVERVIEW – FY10 Cement Sector in FY-10 witnessed low prices, rising energy costs, slowdown in construction activities locally and regionally and a large amount of new supply availability in regional markets resulting in drying out of certain lucrative export avenues especially the Middle East. However, exports to African countries, Iraq, Sri Lanka etc. mitigated the effect and exports remained flat at 10. 66 million tones (YoY down 0. 89%). As expected by market participants and analysts local sales picked up to close the year at 24. 53 million tons (YoY up 14. 63%). Overall, the sector closed the year at 34. 20 million tones, registering a decent YoY increase of 9. 30%. Cement prices and energy costs remained the key issues in FY-10. Since the dismantling of the alleged cement cartel, after Competition Commission of Pakistan imposed a fine in the colossal sum of Rs. 6. 35 billion on 20 cement manufacturers (equivalent to 7. 5pc of each company’s FY08 net revenue), in August 2009, cement prices plunged and went down to Rs. 249/bag in North and Rs. 280/bag in the South zone, compared to Rs. 335/bag and Rs. 370/bag in FY09 in North and South, respectively. CCP’s decision has been challenged by the cement manufacturers on a number of grounds in the Lahore High Court, the Sindh High Court and the Supreme Court of Pakistan. In all these cases stay orders have been granted by the Courts and the matter awaits court’s verdict. Given the increased overall supply in the regional markets, the cement export price hovered around $47-$52 per tone, compared to average export price of $60-$62 in FY09. On the other hand, energy costs remained on the rising trend and coal prices averaged around $88 (FoB) per ton compared to 2nd half FY-09 average of $70. Australian (Newcastle) coal price made its 18-month high of $108 (FOB) per ton on April 27, 2010, after making a low of around $61 (FoB) per ton in Mar-09 last year. Thus, as a result of subdued prices and increasing energy costs a sub-breakeven scenario prevailed in the industry for the most part of FY-10. In 9 months FY10, cement companies posted cumulative losses of Rs. 3. 3 billion compared to profits of Rs. 3. 7 billion in the corresponding period last year, YoY down 189%. Cement prices hiked by Rs. 40 per bag in North in June 2010. With no price moves in South – a region that was already enjoying higher prices due to lower intensity of price war largely for its geographical advantages – prices in the two regions finally came at par. FY-10 also saw the announcement of 35% inland freight subsidy, during March 2010, on cement exports. It is likely to make Pakistan’s cement exports more competitive in the regional market, as cement manufacturers will be able to reduce their export prices by almost 10% going forward, if needed, without hurting their margins. However, the government needs to make timely payments to the manufacturers for the subsidy to be of much use. Source: Invisor Securities Source: Federal Bureau of Statistics & Invisor Securities 4. SECTOR OUTLOOK 5. 8 Local market * Short Term Cement prices have risen by Rs. 24 per bag since the beginning of ongoing financial year to Rs. 312 and Rs. 325 per bag in North and South, respectively. This bodes substantially well for the sector after bleeding profusely in a price war and indicates a price consensus among the manufacturers. Also, we believe there is limited appetite for price wars going forward especially as seasonal 1Q demand slowdown kicks in (Monsoons, floods, Ramadan etc. ). The recent floods have severely affected the roads and the distribution network which will inevitably hurt the local cement sales as well as export sales to some extent. We expect cement demand from local market to remain subdued during first half of FY11, due to monsoons, flood related issues, slowdown in construction during winters etc. , and start picking up from 3Q FY-11, in the wake of reconstruction activities. Overall, we expect local dispatches to remain flat during FY-11 and believe that the real impact of the increased demand from reconstruction activities will materialize during FY-12. We believe the cement prices have hit the ceiling for now and do not expect further increase in them and expect the recent price hikes to sustain for a relatively longer time than the one-step ahead, two steps back situation that prevailed throughout FY-10. Going forward, Fauji Cement’s capacity expansion, due in FY-11, of 2. 27 million tons, would create downward pressure on utilization levels. However, we expect capacity utilization levels to remain between 70% to 75% range. * Medium to Long Term We have a positive outlook for the local market on a medium to long-term basis. The rehabilitation work along with construction of dams will boost demand and possibly push prices upwards as cement manufacturers operate on higher and higher capacity utilization levels. Construction of dams seems inevitable given the power crisis and the recent flood. The Council of Common Interests (CCI) unanimously approved the construction of Diamer Bhasha dam on July 18, 2010, leading the way for the release of funds from the Asian Development Bank (ADB). The projected timeline for completion is stated till the end of 2019. Manufacturers estimate a total requirement of 9. 0 to 11. million tons cement for the project with annual demand in between 1. 0 to 1. 5 mn tons. While all northern manufacturers would directly or indirectly benefit from the project, we believe the big players such as Askari and Bestway would be the key beneficiaries with proximity to the project. 5. 9 Export Market We are pessimistic about the export dispatches during FY-11 owing to i) increased availabili ty of cement in the regional markets, especially after lifting of export ban in Saudi Arabia, ii) slowdown in construction in the Middle East and iii) local transportation problems ensuing from the flood. Therefore, we expect a decline of 10-15% in exports during FY-11. Our export price outlook remains flat around $45, keeping in view the competitive environment in the export market. During FY-10 exports to Qatar, Oman, UAE and Kuwait declined whereas exports to Afghanistan, Djibouti, Sudan, Sri Lanka and other African Countries increased, as shown in the chart. We expect the trend to continue going forward as cement producers penetrate further into the African markets. Source: TDAP 5. FINANCIAL ANALYSIS – CEMENT MAJORS 6. 10 Financial Analysis 6. 11. 1 Liquidity On 9M-FY10 basis, the top-7 cement players face a tight liquidity situation with Current ratio at 0. 71x, Quick ratio at 0. 63x, Cash Ratio at 0. 05x and an Operating Cash Flow ratio at 0. 16x. Among the Top-7, Attock Cement is most liquid with Current ratio at 2. 67x, Quick ratio at 2. 33x, Cash ratio at 0. 66x and Operating Cash Flow ratio at 1. 02x. Overall, the Top-7 Average liquidity ratios show a low ability to settle short-term financial obligations as well as finance additional sales without incurring further debt. 6. 11. 2 Financial Leverage Financial leverage (average) among the top-7 cement players is at 0. 1x, which seems moderate. Bestway, Maple Leaf and Pioneer Cement have financial leverage at 2. 32x, 3. 56x and 1. 64x, respectively, which is high. Lucky and Attock Cement have financial leverage in control, at 0. 35x and 0. 25x, whereas D. G. Khan Cement’s financial leverage stands at 0. 67x. The average Interest Coverage ratio is at 1. 04x, which means, on aver age, the cement players barely have enough earnings to meet their financial charges. Given the high financial leverage and low Interest Cover, we believe cement companies’ ability to take on further financing is highly subdued, with the exception of Lucky and Attock Cement. 6. 1. 3 Asset Utilization We have adjusted the Asset Utilization ratios to reflect the full year (extrapolated) sales by a 4/3 adjustment factor. The resulting ratios, fixed asset turnover at 0. 65x and total assets turnover ratio at 0. 45x, suggesting overall low asset utilization, point towards the capital intensive nature of the industry marred with low capacity utilization levels. Among the top-7 players, Lucky Cement seems to have the most efficient asset utilization with fixed assets turnover at 0. 90x and total assets turnover at 0. 75x levels. Lafarge Pakistan cement’s asset utilization ratios rank lowest among the Top-7, being 0. 3x and 0. 11x on a fixed and total assets turnover basis, res pectively. Lafarge’s extremely low asset utilization levels call for further investigation into the causes. 6. 11. 4 Profitability We have adjusted the Return on Assets (ROA) and Return on Equity (ROE) ratios to reflect the full year (extrapolated) sales by a 4/3 adjustment factor. The resulting ratios suggest moderate gross profitability and basic earnings power, at 21. 26% and 9. 68%, respectively. However the final profitability is extremely low at 0. 03% reflecting the sky-rocketing financial charges. Bestway, Maple Leaf, Lafarge and Pioneer have negative net margins at -6. 7%, -18. 33%, -24. 86% and -14. 38%. Attock Cement appears most profitable during the period under review, with Net margins at 13. 32% followed by Lucky Cement at 12. 02%. Both these players have managed to post decent net profitability partially due to higher retention prices in South, compared to North, and higher export contribution margins. During 9M-FY10, Maple Leaf, Lafarge and Pioneer Cement pos ted negative Basic earnings power at -3. 14%, -13. 94% and -10. 95%, respectively, which points towards the intense price war, especially in North, throughout the period under review. D. G. Khan cement has managed to post a decent EBIT margin, at 16. 91%, however, the financial charges, which amount to Rs. 1. 5 billion for 9M-FY10, have left only 3. 79% in net margin. 6. 11. 5 DuPont Analysis DuPont analysis is an expression which breaks Return on Equity (ROE) into three parts, profit margin, asset turnover and equity multiplier representing, the operating efficiency, asset utilization efficiency and financial leverage, respectively. Our DuPont analysis of the top-7 players suggests that the main reason behind the low industry ROE during the period under review has been low profitability. The price wars during the period under review, along with high financial charges have severely affected the ROE. Asset utilization is not too healthy either, but is moderate. 6. 11. 6 Conclusion Based on our financial analysis, we have a liking for Lucky and Attock Cement and feel that these are safe companies to lend to. D. G. Khan Cement seems to be under stress at the moment due to its current maturity of long-term debts, worth Rs. 4 billion (approx. ), and an O/S Forex loan of US$ 40 million (FY-09 carrying value Rs. 3. 5 bn), payments commencing June, 2011, therefore it is expected to go for re-financing arrangements with banks. However, strong sponsors’ support, good reputation, largest local and 2nd largest total market share, large portfolio of liquid investments worth Rs. 17 billion (approx. ), and Income from investments serve as strong mitigating factors. Bestway, Maple Leaf and Pioneer Cement have financial leverage ratios at 2. 32x, 3. 56x and 1. 64x levels which are certainly not sustainable. The DuPont suggests both profitability and leverage are a cause of concern for these companies. Lafarge Pakistan’s low profitability and poor asset utilization have greatly affected its financial results. Overall, we recommend caution for the above three players.

Tecumseh Essay example - 600 Words

Tecumseh ,Shawnee war chief, was born at Old Piqua, on the Mad River in western Ohio. In 1774, his father, Puckeshinwa, was killed at the Battle of Point Pleasant, and in 1779 his mother, Methoataske, accompanied those Shawnees who migrated to Missouri, later died. Raised by an older sister, Tecumpease, Tecumseh would play war games with other fellow youths in his tribe. Tecumseh accompanied an older brother, Chiksika, on a series of raids against frontier settlements in Kentucky and Tennessee in the late 1780’s. Chiksika had a vision that he would not survive the battle at Buchanan’s station he went ahead as plan and attacked the stockade and was mortally wounded and was carried from the battle field and the dying warrior asked not to be†¦show more content†¦Tecumseh slowly transformed his brothers religious following into a political movement. In 1808 Tecumseh and the Prophet moved their village to the juncture of the Tippecanoe and Wabash rivers, where the n ew settlement, Prophetstown, continued to attract Indians. After the loss of much Indian land at the Treaty of Fort Wayne, Tecumseh gradually eclipsed his brother as the primary leader of the movement. He traveled throughout the Midwest urging tribes to form a political confederacy to prevent any further erosion of their lands. In November 1811, while Tecumseh was in the South attempting to recruit the Creeks into his confederacy, U.S. forces marched against Prophetstown. In the subsequent Battle of the Tippecanoe they defeated the Prophet, burned the settlement, and destroyed the Indians food supplies. After returning from the South Tecumseh tried to rebuild his shattered confederacy. But when the War of 1812 broke out, he withdrew to Michigan where he assisted the British in the capture of Detroit and led pro-British Indians in small actions in southern Michigan and northern Ohio (Fort Meigs). When William Henry Harrison invaded Upper Canada, Tecumseh reluctantly accompanied the B ritish retreat. He was killed by American forces at the Battle of the Thames on October 5, 1813. Although they never found the body ofShow MoreRelated Tecumsehs confederation Essay1653 Words   |  7 Pages Tecumseh was a very significant Native American who gave his life for what he believed. He knew that the Americans were a tremendous threat to all Indian tribes, and realized that the Indians would be destroyed one by one if not united. Tecumseh created a confederation of thirty-two tribes in hopes that the Americans would recognize their borders and thus put a halt to westward expansion. 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Social Problems Research Topics Guide

Social Problems Research Topics Guide Social Problems Research Topics Features When you are given a task to compose an essay on a social issue, you're given a chance to open an exciting discourse. Consider factors like whether or not you must pay to access the research articles you need to use, whether it seems you will have a number of unique sources at your disposal (not merely a site and not simply a book), and whether you're in a position to take the sources with you as a way to conduct your research in more depth. A quantitative strategy is better when investigating topics that will be objectively measured. The social issues research papers may appear easy to write in comparison with different topics, but still it demands an extremely creative strategy, a substantial quantity of curiosity and capability to think beyond the box and search info in unconventional sources. A research paper may be an intriguing task since it will provide you with a chance to find out more abou t a subject that you might not have known as much about before. It should be precise and based only on proven facts. Depending on the level of your course, it may ask you to report about topics in the field or to conduct your own original research. It may seem like a daunting task, but the topic can make the task interesting and educational. The One Thing to Do for Social Problems Research Topics A general guideline in the social sciences is that a great research problem is one which would bring in a number of viewpoints from a composite audience consisting of reasonable men and women. You're likely to be working on your topic for quite a while, so choose one which you find interesting and engaging or that motivates you to have a position. When deciding on your social problems topic, bear in mind that it's always far better to write about something you're already more or less acquainted with. After you've identified the most suitable research problem example for the assignme nt and your ideas, the remainder of the process is going to feel more manageable. Vital Pieces of Social Problems Research Topics The main reason for social problems is due to unemployment, which is additionally a social problem itself. Should you look around, you are going to observe social issues that affect society daily. A social problem is normally a term used to refer to problems with a specific area or group of men and women in the world. Throughout the life program, there are social problems connected with diverse ages. Social Problems Research Topics - the Conspiracy For example, in health services areas, there is excellent interest in the issue of back injuries among nursing staff. When it may enhance their social life, it is exceedingly detrimental to their academic life and the majority of them may wind up failing. As a consequence, social issues can be raised by the unequal distribution of funding between public schools, like that seen in the usa. There are se veral social problems in the life span of modern United States citizens. The Social Problems Research Topics Trap A policy analysis defines the issue or issue accessible, describes its background and gives a balanced assessment of alternatives that policy makers could pursue to resolve the issue. Nonprofit organizations are often formed for the only purpose of solving a social matter. Additional it may help to give real solutions to real social difficulties. There isn't just a single approach to do applied social psychology. General information Students that are new to the topic of social studies need to be ready for in-depth education at their very first lessons. Just don't wait too long to create a switch and, clearly, be certain to inform your professor which you're changing up your topic. 1 topic for action research that may be initiated is the best way to personalize instruction to coordinate with the diverse needs of students. The Social Problems Research Topics Cov er Up Many events reported in the mainstream or societal media are related to a broad range of current social problems. A number of the modern day problems that have hit conventional media along with social media headlines incorporate a list of social justice problems that you are able to find at our essay writing services. Facebook, MySpace, Twitter and social networking platforms significantly altered the way that people interact together, both personally and professionally. A significant issue with web surveys is that their results can't necessarily be generalized to the whole population because not everybody has access to the web. When discussing gender equality topics, it's essential to follow certain rules not to abuse a specific sort of readers. When you compose a social issue essay, it is very important to clearly show your private view of the issue. There are a couple of main things you will need to learn before you even begin picking social issues essay topics. If you still have issues with topic selection, don't hesitate to request help at GradeMiners. There are lots of practical considerations that almost always will need to be taken into consideration when deciding on the feasibility of a research undertaking. You may not comprehensively manage an industry research topic that's too wide. The subject of terrorism as it relates to Homeland Security provides a variety of thesis choices. Research topics on social work you need to consider A superb social work research project demands the student to experience previous studies about the topic. At length, the literature review can help you to anticipate common problems in your research context. In that situation, you can decide on another from the list. Relevant Literature The choice of a research problem can be derived from a comprehensive review of pertinent research related to your general subject of interest.

Comparing Johnny And Dally In The Outsiders - 1031 Words

Johnny and Dally, Unique and the Same. ‘â€Å"So he finally broke,’ Two-Bit spoke everyone’s feelings, ‘So even Dally has a breaking point.† (152). In the book The Outsiders, by S.E. Hinton, there are two unique characters. Johnny and Dally are two characters that are unique and also the same. The two of them are opposites. Dally is hard, Johnny is gold. Johnny sees good in the world, Dally does not. Yet the two also had similar lifestyles, both Johnny and Dally have abusive parents. The two share a similar bond, they both care about each other more than anything. Johnny was smart enough to realize the good in his world, unfortunately Dally could not. Johnny and Dally have both had hard lives. Both of their parents were abusive and uncaring.†¦show more content†¦As soon as Johnny died, Dally couldnt take it. Pony hadn’t gotten the letter from Johnny. So Dally exploded. â€Å"He begged, slamming his fist on the wall, hammering it to obey his will. ‘Oh , Dammit Johnny, don’t die,’†(149). Dally couldnt take Johnny dying, it was too much. Johnny was the only thing in his world left that he cared about. Then he was gone. They both couldn’t make it without the other, they cared too much. Johnny and Dally both end up dead at the end of the book, but one had no choice and put some meaning into the last days of his life. Dally, on the other hand, felt he had lost everything and resorted to suicide. When Johnny died, he left a letter in his copy of Gone With The WInd by Margaret Mitchell. The letter asked Ponyboy (the main character and narrator of the book) to stay gold and to tell Dally â€Å"There’s still good in the world.† (179). Johnny was trying to look out for Dally and to try to convince him this fact he never believed. Johnny, however, believe it himself. Dally gave up on the world. He saw nothing that was good, Johnny was the last good thing in the world. Then Johnny died, Dally couldn’t take his life having nothing. Dally robbed a grocery store to get the cops attention, he called the Curtis brothers who had the gang there. They met in the lot, Dally stopped in the middle of it as the cops pulled into the lot. Dally pulled an empty gun out and pointed it at an officer. The officers shot and killed him. â€Å"He was dead before he hitShow MoreRelatedComparing Johnny And Dally And The Outsiders1085 Words   |  5 Pagesthat only alike things are attracted to one another. However, this is untrue - for example, north poles attract south poles. They are similar, but yet, very different. In the novel The Outsiders by S.E. Hinton, Johnny and Dally are attracted by their countless similarities and differences. A similarity Johnny and Dally both share is a terrible home life. Early in the novel, Ponyboy dissects Johnny’s homelife. Pony says, â€Å"His father was always beating him up, and his mother ignored him, except whenRead MoreComparing Johnny and Dally in The Outsiders by SE Hinton Essay767 Words   |  4 PagesComparing Johnny and Dally in The Outsiders by SE Hinton Johnny and Dally are both major characters in the novel â€Å"The Outsiders† by SE Hinton. â€Å"The Outsiders† is a novel about friendship, rivalry, stereotypes, trust and family relationships set in the 1960’s of America. SE Hinton. Describes how two gangs, the Socs and the Greasers get to know each other’s problems in an exciting and nail-biting storyline. Johnny and Dally are both very contrasting characters and each play a vital role in bothRead MoreJohn Steinbeck s Of Mice And Men1312 Words   |  6 Pageslives. People may bring death upon themselves because of their actions, or an animal may be killed of its uselessness. In S.E. Hinton’s The Outsiders, there are three major deaths occurring in the novel: Bob, Johnny, and Dally. Similarly, in John Steinbeck’s Of Mice and Men, there are also three major deaths of Candy’s dog, Curley’s wife, and Lennie. The Outsiders is a story depicting the life of Ponyboy Curtis, who is struggling to find his place in the world while battling the rival gang, the SocsRead MoreJohn Steinbeck s Of Mice And Men1485 Words   |  6 Pagesone thing that all people have in common; even books are connected because of the different deaths occurring in them. In S.E. Hinton’s The Outsiders, there are three major deaths occurring in the novel: Bob, Johnny, and Dally. Similarly, in John Steinbeck’s Of Mice and Men, there are also three major deaths: Candy’s dog, Curley’s wife, and Lennie. The Outsiders is a story depicting the life of Ponyboy Curtis, who is struggling to find his place in the world while battling the rival group, the Socs

Essay on Effective Business Communication

Question: Write an essay about the "Effective Business Communication". Answer: Business Communication This paper provides with an opportunity to reflect about communication for the course BUSN20017- Effective Business Communication. The course helps in introducing elements of oral communication for participating in business meetings. The course also helps in constructing written communication for both internal and external clients. The course gives importance to the role played by body language or non-verbal communication. The course enables the students or learners to gain understanding of the employer requirements in the Australian industry. The tools identified for self-management are peer assessment and self-reflection. This paper is designed to examine and understand reflective writing in the business communication class. With the successful completion of the course, I have constructed logical and persuasive arguments by using effective communication skills. The course has also helped in recognizing and evaluating communication and interpersonal skills. This paper presents a reflection of the four weeks namely, Communication: Understanding the Process, Presentations: Communicating to an Audience, Business Writing: Genres of Written Business Communication and Interpersonal Communication: Working Together. The course has helped me a lot in overcoming my fear of working at the workplace. The course is divided into three assessments: written and presentation assessment, practical and written assessment and online quizzes. In the first week, the module Communication: Understanding the Process was discussed. Several lectures and tutorials were conducted for understanding the basics of communication. The first module helped me in understanding the process and forms of communication. An understanding of communication process in terms of verbal, non-verbal and listening has also developed. The module also helped me in recognizing the importance of communication competence. The lectures helped me in gaining different perspectives of communication. The lectures helped me in developing insight about the different models of communication. I learnt about the ethical communication principles. The module helped me in the ways to imply non-verbal communication. The lectures discussed about communication competence that helped me in overcoming communication challenges. The professor also discussed a few journals as tutorials for investigating verbal workplace communication behaviours. The lecture was beneficial as I gained a better understanding of communication behaviour. Additionally, I have also developed oral communication skills. The study helped me in assessing the goals between business schools and organization. I am able to analyze and differentiate between listening, presenting and conversing. I have gained a different perspective from the employers view and aim to be the most competent. The importance of oral communication at the workplace was also discussed. The lectures have helped me in integrating theoretical and empirical findings. I feel I have learned a lot in business communication. I am learning about communication between different cultures. I am realizing the acceptable and critical components in the communication process. I was strongly impressed by the way the lecturer introduced us to the business communication course. The lecturer shared various activities and different videos on YouTube were added as learning activity. Two videos were a part of the learning activity that helped in better representation or understanding of the communication. One of the videos was a comical representation of miscommunication. The video provided an enhanced understanding of the misconceptions of communication process. The lecturer selected a nice video as it was simple to understand for the class. The video was helpful in demonstrating the concepts and model in a precise manner. However, I need to improve my analysis on the satisfaction levels of Silicon Valley employers. I need to develop my oral communication skills that involve working with advanced technologies. The lecture could have been more focused on promoting business etiquettes and positive self-image. In the second week, Presentations: Communicating to an Audience had an objective of informing about the processes of delivering efficient vocational presentations. The lecturer taught the types of public speech that could be used by me for persuading audience. I also learnt the common types of speaking for right speech delivery. The professor clarified the role of communication apprehension and created a warm and easygoing atmosphere in the classroom. I used intensive thinking for knowing the purpose of business communication. The lecturer enlightened me with the structure of vocational presentation. The professor helped me in stating the ideas clearly for thesis, ethos, exigency and preview. The lecture is designed with a purpose of arranging training session for employees, interviewing candidate for employment, and presenting sales presentation. The module helps me in reducing communication apprehension. The module shall also help in reducing communication apprehension. The profess or researched topic for oral presentation. The lecturer discussed specific types of vocational presentations. According to the self-assessment report of communication apprehension, I got an idea of overcoming my communication apprehension. I like participating in group discussions. I am not much comfortable in sharing my ideas openly as I am afraid to express my feelings. I like to involve in discussions and I attend communication meetings. Ordinarily I am relaxed in conversations. My interpersonal skills of communication are stronger than group skills. I have developed my skills for delivering visual aids. I am putting effort and practicing speech to be more comfortable when I deliver it. It is difficult to deliver a presentation or public speech but it involves a lot of hard work and practice. The module has helped in enhancing my ability to deliver effective and sophisticated vocational presentations. I am still developing my sense of presentation as general and specific purpose. The lecturer also provided with videos for addressing specific subjects such as persuasive speaking, informative speaking, speaking outlines and usage of nonverbal communication. The videos chosen by the lecturer provide a great understanding of the above subjects. The videos focus on the body language and postures that must be possessed while delivering a public speech or presentation. The videos also exaggerate on the ways of public speaking. The theories behind the above mentioned subjects are outlined by the professors present in the video. The fourth week consisted of Business Writing: Genres of Written Business Communication. The module focuses on the genres of written business communication as it is necessary for a professional writer. The module made me realize about the number of times I received emails containing grammatical and spelling errors. The module introduced me to software that would help in spotting spelling and grammatical errors. The lecturer further enlightened with the other common mistakes that are made in the preparation of any document or message. A few other mistakes were pointed by the lecturer such as usage of wrong word, changing tense, apostrophes, abbreviations, passive voice, long words, and formality. I learned the importance of writing professional documents error-free as it can create a wrong impression and change the meaning of the message to be communicated. The module helped in understanding the reader, deciding what to write and produce reports, resumes and emails. The module helped me in differentiating between verbal and written communication. Before the module started, I did not know how to properly write the business communication letters, resumes or emails. After going through the lectures, readings and samples, I gradually learned to write better reports. This module is beneficial for me in both my personal and professional life as I have enhanced my ways of writing. Throughout the course, I have developed skills and concepts in relation to written documents. This module has given me a solid foundation and assistance to develop my writing abilities. The lecturer provided us with assignments and I have successfully developed my skills in writing different types of memos, creating a cover letter, forming an appropriate resume, and generating presentations. The challenging discussions as well as activities have played a significant role in improving my writing skills. The resources provided by the lecturer in the classroom plays a dominant resource for me. Writing memos was challenging a there were diverse subjects. Never theless, I learned the importance of being factually accurate when writing in the business world. However, I need to sensitively consider my words choice when delicate tone is required. I need to heavily examine my message structure. I need to improve my writing patterns when I need to communicate sad tone. The fifth week comprised of Interpersonal Communication: Working Together that helped me in recognizing the differences between interpersonal and intrapersonal communication. The purpose of this course is to make the student acquainted with the field of interpersonal communication through an understanding of the fundamentals, an initiation of interpersonal communication theories and a view to the span of interpersonal communication research. Upon completion of this course, I have developed an understanding of the complexity of interpersonal relationship communication. This module gave me an opportunity to interview 24 Australian CEOs and top level managers. This activity helped in enhancing my interpersonal skills. I realized my strengths and weaknesses in interpersonal communication. The professor selected a video that help in structuring and delivering an assertive I statement. The language pattern helped me in getting point across defensive reactions. Further videos also helped in learning about defensive reactions and supportive climate behaviours. The videos were useful as it gave insight about the climate behaviours. It expanded my knowledge about interpersonal communication. The class focused on different variables involved in relationships where there was listening, speaking and common errors were discussed. As a group, the peers talked about different culture and conflict that restricts interpersonal communication. The course helped in devoting time for cultural diversity issues and interpersonal communication. The course helped me in understanding different concepts of interpersonal communication. Throughout the course, I learned different aspects of interpersonal communication. I wrote different papers every week by applying the knowledge and information discussed in the class to my personal experiences. I have discovered more information about interpersonal communication. However, I am developing my critical thinking techniques in interpersonal communication settings and situations. In class after we learned about one of these aspects we were to write about an example of an experience to show that we understand the information. Another aspect that we discussed in class was about the different faces people may have in certain situations. People usually put up a face with different people. As an example the first time one is introduced to someone, people are usually respectful of that person. One wouldnt make jokes or curse to their face. When people put on different faces or behaviours, this is considered as nonverbal communication with each other. Facial expressions can act as communication factor. After learning about the various aspects that play major roles in interpersonal communication, I have a better understanding of what interpersonal communication consists of. Lastly, I am able to apply the knowledge from this course to my own personal experiences. Lastly, I identified my final portfolio to be the most important aspect of this class. It allowed me to accurately reflect on the work I have completed during the course and identify where my weaknesses lay, and have the opportunity to strengthen and improve on those weaknesses. The final portfolio required attractiveness for my readers and visual ease in order to navigate through it. Overall, the portfolio assignment offered me a tool to showcase my progress in business writing to be viewed by the public. The lecturer further enlightened with the other common mistakes that are made in the preparation of any document or message. I gained tremendous amount of skill and experience that I will use for the rest of my life. I practiced expressing difficult messages in writing. I learned remarkable tools to improve my writings. However, I need to improve my analysis on the satisfaction levels of Silicon Valley employers. Before the module started, I did not know how to properly write the business communication letters, resumes or emails. I need to develop my oral communication skills that involve working with advanced technologies. However, I need to sensitively consider my words choice when delicate tone is required. I need to heavily examine my message structure. I need to improve my writing patterns when I need to communicate sad tone. References Bargiela-Chiappini, F. Nickerson, C. (2014).Writing business. New York: Routledge. DeKay, S. (2012). Interpersonal Communication in the Workplace: A Largely Unexplored Region.Business Communication Quarterly,75(4), 449-452. Fall, L., Kelly, S., MacDonald, P., Primm, C., Holmes, W. (2013). Galbraith, C., McKinney, B., DeNoble, A., Ehrlich, S. (2013). Guffey, M. Loewy, D. (2011).Essentials of business communication. Mason, OH: South-Western/Cengage Learning. Hynes, G. (2012). Improving Employees' Interpersonal Communication Competencies: A Qualitative Study.Business Communication Quarterly,75(4), Jackson, D. (2014). Business graduate performance in oral communication skills and strategies for improvement.The International Journal Of Management Education,12(1), 22-34. Kernbach, S., Eppler, M., Bresciani, S. (2014). Monaghan, L. Goodman, J. (2012).A cultural approach to interpersonal communication. Salvi, R. Tanaka, H. (2011).Intercultural interactions in business and management. Shakiba, E. (2014).How to speak assertively with I statements by Eleanor Shakiba.YouTube. Thill, J. BoveÃÅ' e, C. (2013).Excellence in business communication. New York: McGraw-Hill. van Ginkel, S., Gulikers, J., Biemans, H., Mulder, M. (2015). YouTube,. (2011).Gibb's Supportive and Defensive Climates.

Underpaid Teachers in Ohio Essay Example For Students

Underpaid Teachers in Ohio Essay Underpaid Teachers in Ohio Essay High school teachers average salary varies across the world. The United States is said to be one of the richest countries in the world, yet our teachers are being paid one of the lowest amounts. The Education Intelligence Agency, author of the article Ohio Teacher Overcomes Unions Tolerance published an International Teacher Salary Report ranking the fifty states by how much the average salary exceeded per capita personal income. According to the Education Intelligence Agency Ohios percentage rate is only fifty- five point one percent. According to the Education Intelligence Agency the lowest state percentage is in South Dakota at twenty- three point six percent and the highest state percentage is Alaska at one hundred and one point five percent. We will write a custom essay on Underpaid Teachers in Ohio specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Teachers are a very important part of our society. Teachers jobs consist of more than just sitting behind a desk for nine months and having paid summers off. There are many extra tasks that teachers have that most people don not consider. Teachers in public schools work hard for a low salary and should be more appreciated; public school teachers shape the worlds young people, serve as role models, and work long hours. Ruth E. Sternberg is the reporter for the Columbus Ohio Dispatch Schools and has completed a survey on the issue of Ohios teachers salaries. According to Sternberg, the public high schools that have high salaries do not have enough money for new technologies. This is a disadvantage for the students. The students do not have the advantage of computers, digital cameras, and other new technologies that make learning more fun. The students who do not have these technologies may lose interest in learning. Sternberg also points out that higher salaries also causes businesses to decide not to open their stores in that district because of the higher taxes. The stores do not want to pay out more money than what they have to, even if it is for a good cause. I can understand the concern of the business owners, but they should think about where the money goes and how much it would benefit the public schools in that area. Sternberg discusses the loss of teachers that would be forced on the district if they raised the average teacher salary. This would mean that the class sizes would be larger and the teacher to student ratio would also rise. This would be a disadvantage for the students and the teachers. The teachers would have to work harder to give each student the one on one time that they need and the students would have to wait longer for help. This would waist valuable class time for the students who were waiting for help. All good things must have some bad side effects. There is not enough money in the school systems to have the best of both worlds. Our teachers shape our worlds young people into adults. They can teach students more than what the parents can because they have more time to spend with the students. Many parents work full time and do not have the time to teach their children how to be good adults. There are also some parents who do not know how to be good adults and can not teach their children how to be good adults. I have seen many teachers at my school that would do anything to help a troubled student. Teachers can give the students their undivided attention. The students have to share one teacher, but the teachers usually try to make time for the students on a one on one basis. All of my high school teachers meant a lot to me. I learned more than reading, writing, history, and mathematics from my teachers. There were many hard times in my life that I would have had a rough time getting through if my teachers would not have been there for me. .u6e4a2f0fac4c3f5647bc951b2a252c77 , .u6e4a2f0fac4c3f5647bc951b2a252c77 .postImageUrl , .u6e4a2f0fac4c3f5647bc951b2a252c77 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u6e4a2f0fac4c3f5647bc951b2a252c77 , .u6e4a2f0fac4c3f5647bc951b2a252c77:hover , .u6e4a2f0fac4c3f5647bc951b2a252c77:visited , .u6e4a2f0fac4c3f5647bc951b2a252c77:active { border:0!important; } .u6e4a2f0fac4c3f5647bc951b2a252c77 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u6e4a2f0fac4c3f5647bc951b2a252c77 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u6e4a2f0fac4c3f5647bc951b2a252c77:active , .u6e4a2f0fac4c3f5647bc951b2a252c77:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u6e4a2f0fac4c3f5647bc951b2a252c77 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u6e4a2f0fac4c3f5647bc951b2a252c77 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u6e4a2f0fac4c3f5647bc951b2a252c77 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u6e4a2f0fac4c3f5647bc951b2a252c77 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u6e4a2f0fac4c3f5647bc951b2a252c77:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u6e4a2f0fac4c3f5647bc951b2a252c77 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u6e4a2f0fac4c3f5647bc951b2a252c77 .u6e4a2f0fac4c3f5647bc951b2a252c77-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u6e4a2f0fac4c3f5647bc951b2a252c77:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: A Child Called It Essay My teachers were more than just educators, they are also my friends. My parents think that teachers should be just educators and not friends. They believe that your peers should be your friends. My parents think that teachers should not talk about their personal lives with students and they should not ask students .